Volume 13, Issue 2: 2023 - Article 8

A review of canine parvoviral disease in Nigeria, with special focus on the multivalent DHLPP vaccine and vaccination
Kelechi A. Akporube ¹* and Patricia I. Otuh ^{1, 2
1} Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
² Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, 
David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Nigeria.

Abstract
Dogs have been playing important roles in the lives of humans in various ways, especially as companions and guard animals, and the increasing demand for dog ownership in Nigeria account for the massive importation of numerous exotic dog breeds. Keeping these imported exotic breeds healthy is challenged by the high occurrence of canine parvovirus disease (CPD), which leads to losses either by death of the dogs or economic loss through financial expenses incurred during treatment by animal health practitioners. CPD is a very important viral disease of dogs, associated with high morbidity and mortality in both puppies and adults. The severe acute haemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis that occur in the disease usually leaves dog owners and veterinary practitioners extremely disturbed. Currently, dogs are usually protected from CPD by vaccination with the multivalent five-way Distemper-Hepatitis-Leptospirosis-Parvovirus-Parainfluenza (DHLPP) vaccine. However, CPD is still being reported in DHLPP vaccinated dogs. In Nigeria, several concerns had been raised on the efficacy of different brands of DHLPP vaccines available, the effectiveness of the vaccination and the overall health of exotic breeds of dogs, in general. This review highlights the topical issues on CPD, vaccination of dogs with the DHLPP vaccine, vaccination protocols and possible factors militating against the effective use of available DHLPP vaccines for dogs in Nigeria. Furthermore, insights on the challenges encountered by veterinarians in the treatment, management, prevention and control of CPD are elucidated.

Keywords: Canine parvovirus disease; Dogs; DHLPP vaccine; Vaccination failure; Nigeria.

How to cite this article:
Akporube CA and Otuh PI (2023). A review of canine parvoviral disease in Nigeria, with special focus on the multivalent DHLPP vaccine and vaccination. Journal of Veterinary and Applied Sciences, 13(2): 233 – 241.

*Correspondence: E-mail: akporube.kelechi@unn,edu,ng      Phone: +2348064963441

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